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Serpula (fungus)
''Serpula'' is a genus of fungi in the family Serpulaceae.
==Taxonomy and evolution==
The term was originally defined by Christiaan Hendrik Persoon as a section of the genus ''Merulius'' in 1801.〔 British botanist Samuel Frederick Gray raised it to genus status in his 1821 work ''The Natural Arrangement of British Plants''.〔 The name is derived from the Latin verb ''serpěre'' "to creep".〔 Synonyms include Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link's 1809 ''Xylophagous'', Christian Hendrik Persoon's 1825 ''Xylomyzon'', Narcisse Théophile Patouillard's 1874 ''Gyrophora'', and Patouillard's 1897 ''Gyrophana''.〔
''Serpula'' forms a clade with at least two other closely related genera, ''Austropaxillus'' and ''Gymnopaxillus'', the three composing the family Serpulaceae.〔 It is thought that the common ancestor was saprotrophic,and that ancestor to the latter two genera became mycorrhizal. Using molecular clock analysis, the split between ''Austropaxillus'' and ''Serpula'' has been estimated to have occurred about 34.9 mya, roughly coinciding with the separation of South America and Australia from Antarctica.〔
The number of species is uncertain – the two species ''S. lacrymans'' and ''S. himantioides'' have been considered to be a single species, or the latter species has possibly five cryptic species within its complex.〔
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